Finance topics

Prime Minister Mario Monti

Swiss (SNBN) National Bank President Philipp Hildebrand will today answer lawmaker questions in Bern as he seeks to end a discussion over controversial currency purchases by his wife.

Global markets rose on Friday as investors welcomed German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s call to enforce tighter government spending rules and a surprise drop in the U.S. unemployment rate.

In a closely scrutinized speech to Germany’s parliament, Merkel said the 17 nations that use the euro currency must move quickly to restore market confidence, changing EU treaties to make financial controls stricter and more binding.

She reiterated her objection to so-called eurobonds _ debt jointly backed by eurozone countries _ and warned that the debt crisis will take years, not months, to fix. But her call for long-term changes suggested a commitment to strengthen financial union between countries in the euro, something analysts have said is necessary to make sure the eurozone doesn’t break up.

Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy are meeting Monday to discuss potential treaty changes. The talks will culminate in a Dec. 9 summit of EU leaders, where the proposals are expected to be debated and detailed.

Investors are hoping if eurozone governments agree to longer-term changes in the way they control their finances, the European Central Bank will agree to step up its interventions in the bond markets. Those interventions keep borrowing rates down for debt-troubled nations like Italy.

Whether the ECB will agree to step up its bond purchases is not clear, although its President Mario Draghi hinted Thursday that it was a possibility.

“Expectations have been growing that a ‘Grand Plan’ will be delivered next week,” said Frederik Ducrozet, analyst at Credit Agricole CIB.

European stocks rose, as did bonds for Italy and Spain. Britain’s FTSE 100 gained 1.1 percent to 5,548.87 while Germany’s DAX added 1.0 percent to 6,094.66. France’s CAC-40 climbed 1.4 percent to 3,172.22.

Italy’s 10-year bond yield was down to 6.52 percent, almost a full percentage lower than Wednesday, an indication investors have high hopes of next week’s talks to save the euro. Spain’s 10-year yield was down to 5.56 percent.

Wall Street also rose on the open _ the Dow Jones industrial average was up 0.8 percent at 12,111 while the Standard & Poor’s 500 rose 0.8 percent to 1,255 after the release of cautiously upbeat U.S. jobs data.

The U.S. government said the unemployment rate fell to 8.6 percent in November, the lowest in 2 1/2 years and better than economists’ expectations for an unchanged rate of 9 percent.

The world’s largest economy also added 120,000 jobs in November, while the previous two months were revised up to show another 72,000 more jobs were created _ the fourth straight month the government revised prior months higher.

Although the drop in the unemployment rate was unexpected, the increase in jobs was roughly as forecast by most analyst.

Earlier in Asia, Japan’s Nikkei 225 index rose 0.5 percent to end at 8,643.75, its highest closing in three weeks. Hong Kong’s Hang Seng rose 0.2 percent and Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 added 1.4 percent.

South Korea’s Kospi was marginally down and mainland Chinese shares also lost ground as investors cashed in on earlier gains. The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index lost 1 percent.

Markets continued to enjoy some momentum from Wednesday, when the U.S. Federal Reserve, European Central Bank, Bank of England and the central banks of Canada, Japan and Switzerland jointly made it easier for banks to borrow dollars.

The coordinated effort was meant to prevent Europe’s debt crisis from exploding into a global panic. Should a European bank fail or if a country default on its debt, investors fear it could result in a freeze-up in global lending like the one that occurred in 2008 when Lehman Brothers collapsed.

China’s central bank also acted to release money for lending and to shore up growth by lowering bank reserve levels for the first time in three years. The bank actions caused global stocks to rally Thursday.

Benchmark oil for January delivery was down 5 cents to $100.15 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange on Friday. The contract lost 16 cents to end at $100.20 per barrel on the Nymex on Thursday.

In currency trading, the euro rose to $1.3478 from $1.3460 late Thursday in New York. The dollar rose to 77.93 yen from 77.76 yen.

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Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi averted a government collapse and reached a deal with allies on emergency growth measures in time for an EU summit on saving the euro before political tensions erupted in a fist fight in parliament.

Berlusconi and Northern League leader Umberto Bossi reached a compromise on raising Italy’s retirement age in late-night parliament talks Tuesday _ a point of disagreement that had threatened Berlusconi’s leadership. His majority in parliament needs the support of the Northern League.

A fist fight in the Chamber of Deputies on Wednesday when League lawmakers briefly came to blows with colleagues loyal to a former Berlusconi ally Gianfranco Fini, the Chamber president who broke with the governing coalition early in its term. Scuffles are not rare in Italy’s parliament.

League deputies were incensed when Fini, on a TV talk show, mentioned that Bossi’s wife, took early retirement from a teaching job when she was 39.

Berlusconi will deliver a letter detailing the emergency measures to an EU summit. A spokesman said the contents are reserved for summit leaders, but Italian media reported the measures include new infrastructure spending, with a push for more private investment for strategic projects, the privatization of public entities and property and simplifying rules for companies.

Changes to Italy’s pension scheme had become a major sticking point, with Bossi’s party refusing to risk alienating its constituency of workers from the productive north.

Under the overnight deal, Italy will gradually raise the pension age for all workers to 67 by 2025, bringing it in line with European trends. Currently, Italian men retire at 65 along with women in the public sector but some women in the private sector retire earlier.

The 15-page letter also reportedly contains details of the euro54 billion ($75 billion) in austerity measures passed by lawmakers last month to balance Italy’s budget by 2013.

The European Union had asked for measures, with a clear calendar for implementation, to promote growth, raise the pension age and simplify civil legal proceedings to encourage foreign investment

Outgoing Bank of Italy governor Mario Draghi called the letter of intent “an important step … but now it’s time to implement the measures swiftly and concretely.” Draghi, who takes over helm of the European Central Bank on Nov. 1, also urged Berlusconi’s government to quickly activate the spending cuts and new taxes approved last month.

In Brussels, a spokesman for the European commission, Olivier Bailly, said the EU was “confident” it would have the letter by the end of the day.

Italy is seen as the next country at risk in the widening sovereign debt crisis, but with euro1.9 trillion ($2.6 trillion) in public debt, an Italian default would be disastrous for the global economy. The European Central Bank for months has been buying billions in Italian bonds to help keep borrowing costs down.

Nonetheless, Italy saw borrowing costs on short-term bonds spike Wednesday. The Italian Treasury sold euro8.5 billion ($11.83 billion) in six-month bonds at 3.53 percent, up sharply from last month’s 3.071 percent, its highest level in three years. Yields on two-year bonds rose to 4.628 percent from 4.511.

A Berlusconi spokesman, meanwhile, brushed off reports that Berlusconi was preparing to resign. The left-leaning La Repubblica newspaper, one of Berlusconi’s staunchest critics, reported that he had threatened to resign if no deal could be reached with the Northern League, which was persisting in its resistance to raising the retirement age.

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It wasn’t just the latest iPhone that drew people to Apple stores Friday.

Many consumers waited in lines for hours _ sometimes enduring chilly temperatures and overnight thunderstorms _ to remember Steve Jobs, Apple’s visionary who died last week.

The company’s first iPhone release since Jobs’ death turned into another tribute. Some customers even joked that the new model 4S stood “for Steve.”

Tony Medina, a student from Manhattan, stood outside Apple’s flagship store on New York’s Fifth Avenue for nine hours, waiting through rain. He had originally planned to order the phone online but decided to join a crowd of about 200 people to honor Jobs.

“For loyalty, I felt I had to do the line,” he said. “I had to say thank you.”

The new phone, which went on sale Friday in seven countries, is faster than the previous model and comes with better software and an improved camera. Yet the unveiling comes at a time when Apple is finding it difficult to maintain the excitement of previous iPhone introductions.

For starters, the phone is more widely available than in the past. In addition to Apple stores, it’s also sold by three wireless carriers: AT&T Inc., Sprint Nextel Corp. and Verizon Wireless. Some Best Buy, Target and Walmart stores also carry the phones, as do authorized resellers.

Buyers were also able to preorder the phone on Apple’s website and have it shipped to their homes or offices.

Many diehard Apple fans and investors were disappointed that Apple did not launch a more radically redesigned new model _ an iPhone 5. It’s been more than a year since Apple’s previous model was released.

That also may have contributed to smaller gatherings at some Apple locations.

“People are not as excited about this version as they might have been if a (iPhone) 5 came out,” said Charles Prosser, a retired teacher and computer technician from Tuscaloosa, Ala.

Even so, hundreds of buyers camped out in front of stores for hours to be among the first to get an iPhone 4S.

Steve Wozniak, who created Apple with Jobs in a Silicon Valley garage in 1976, was first in line at a store in Los Gatos, Calif., having arrived on his Segway the afternoon before.

Wozniak, who typically waits in line for new Apple products, said he barely slept Thursday night as he was busy chatting with Apple fans, taking photos and giving autographs. Wozniak pre-ordered two new iPhones. He bought two more Friday Payday advance.

“I just want to be part of an important event, so I feel it more deeply,” he said.

Many said the event resembled a remembrance to Jobs, who died a day after Apple Inc. announced the new phone.

Emily Smith, a Web designer, checked in to the line in New York on the location-centric social network Foursquare. She got a virtual Steve Jobs badge that read: “Here’s to the crazy ones. ThankYouSteve.”

In Chicago, Nicole Pacheco dragged her brother and a friend out to buy Apple’s latest gadget.

“I wanted to see how it was, to come out here for once,” she said as she looked at the line that stretched past her. “We’re kind of a memory for Steve Jobs. It’s one of his last inventions. It kind of motivated me to get the next one.”

Apple and phone companies started taking orders for the iPhone 4S last Friday. Apple said Monday that more than 1 million orders came in, breaking the record set by last year’s model, which was available in fewer countries and on fewer carriers.

Jobs’ death could be helping sales. Marketing experts say products designed by widely admired figures such as Jobs usually see an upsurge in sales after their death.

The base model of the iPhone 4S costs $199 in the U.S. with a two-year contract. It comes with 16 gigabytes of storage. Customers can get 32 gigabytes for $299 and 64 gigabytes for $399. The phones come in white or black.

The phones also debuted Friday in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan and Britain. They are coming to 22 more countries by the end of the month.

Besides a better processor and camera, the new phone has a new operating system that allows users to sync content without needing a computer. It also includes a futuristic, voice-activated service that responds to spoken commands and questions such as “Do I need an umbrella today?”

The new features appealed to Dina Nguyen, who came to the Apple store in Palo Alto, Calif., the same location where Jobs was known to show up on sale days. She and her brother, Kennedy, picked up four iPhones for their family.

The siblings said it was a bit sentimental to get the phones now, right after Jobs’ death.

“He left a good legacy. He had a good life. He wanted to make people happy,” Kennedy Nguyen said. “It’s good to support that.”

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Libyan revolutionary forces claimed to have captured parts of a sprawling convention center that loyalists of Moammar Gadhafi have used as their main base in the ousted leader’s hometown and were shelling the city to try to rout snipers from rooftops in their offensive aimed at crushing this key bastion of the old regime.

The inability to take Sirte, the most important remaining stronghold of Gadhafi supporters, more than six weeks after the capital fell has stalled efforts by Libya’s new leaders to set a timeline for elections and move forward with a transition to democracy.

Gadhafi supporters also hold the enclave of Bani Walid, where revolutionary forces have been stymied by a challenging terrain. But the transitional leadership has said it will declare liberation after Sirte’s capture because that will mean it holds all of the seaports and harbors in the oil-rich Mediterranean coastal country.

British Defense Secretary Liam Fox pledged to keep up NATO airstrikes even after Sirte’s fall, saying the international military action would continue as long as the remnants of the regime pose a risk to the people of Libya.

“We have a message for those who are still fighting for Gadhafi that the game is over, you have been rejected by the people of Libya,” he told reporters Saturday in Tripoli before flying to Misrata.

Revolutionary forces began a major attack on Sirte on Friday after a three week siege from the outskirts of the coastal city, during which they said they were giving civilians time to flee. On Saturday, fighters fired rockets into the city from the backs of pickup trucks, though visibility was severely limited by a sandstorm.

Libya’s de facto leader, Mustafa Abdul-Jalil, the head of the governing National Transitional Council, said the battle for Sirte has been “ferocious,” with 15 revolutionary fighters killed and 180 wounded on Friday.

“Our fighters today are still dealing with the snipers positioned on the high buildings and we sustained heavy casualties,” he said at a joint news conference in Tripoli with Fox and Italian Defense Secretary Ignazio La Russa.

Abdel-Basit Haroun, a revolutionary field commander, said 32 people had been killed in two days of fighting, while the military council in the nearby city of Misrata, which has sent many fighters to Sirte, reported 80 wounded.

The council said revolutionary forces were attacking houses to try to eliminate the “overwhelming hordes of snipers out there.”

Sirte, 250 miles (400 kilometers) southeast of Tripoli, is key to the physical unity of the nation of some 6 million people, since it lies roughly in the center of the coastal plain where most Libyans live, blocking the easiest routes between east and west.

Mohammed al-Rajali, spokesman for the brigades attacking the city from the east, said the fighters have gained control of the Ouagadougou Convention Center, an ornate complex in the city center that Gadhafi frequently used for international summits. But they were meeting heavy resistance from villas behind the building so were focusing on firing artillery from the outskirts.

“After the intensive shelling, we will move forward,” he said.

A military spokesman in Tripoli, Abdul-Rahman Busin, and several commanders and fighters confirmed the center was under control of revolutionary forces.

“We have passed the area and we moved on to the residential area behind it,” brigade commander Musbah Alhadar said. “Our forces are camping around the center because the center itself has been destroyed by the NATO airstrikes and our artillery.”

Seizing the convention center complex, named after the capital of the West African nation of Burkino Faso, would be a significant gain for the attackers. Throughout the siege, Gadhafi fighters have used the walled complex as a base and stronghold. From there they were able to dominate surrounding neighborhoods and assault revolutionaries trying to enter Sirte.

Anti-Gadhafi forces also have surrounded the central Green Square and a presidential palace after fierce street fighting in the heart of the city.

Loyalist forces have been driven away from Ibn Sina Hospital where hundreds of civilians have sought refuge from the fighting, according to another commander, Suleiman Ali.

NATO warplanes flew overhead but no strikes were immediately reported.

Abdul-Jalil, meanwhile, called on the international community to help Libyans treat the wounded, saying they could deduct the cost from Libyan assets that were frozen under Gadhafi’s regime.

The international community has rallied around Libya’s efforts to move forward with forming a new government, with transitional leaders promising elections within eight months after liberation is declared.

Fox announced 500,000 pounds ($775,000) and extra military expertise to help Libya prevent the proliferation of weapons, including portable missiles capable of shooting down aircraft.

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Four years after Debbie Tokarz launched a web site selling fetish shoes — the kind worn by female body builders and Victoria

Italy pledged on Friday to work swiftly for a constitutional amendment requiring the government to balance its budget, as Rome feverishly tried to assure domestic and foreign investors its finances are sound and calm nervous markets in Europe.

Premier Silvio Berlusconi told a hastily convened evening news conference the government will “speed up measures” in its budget law approved last month by Parliament, “with the possibility of reaching a balanced budget by 2013 instead of 2014″ as first planned.

His conservative government, now more than three years into its five-year term, will also work to amend the Constitution to include a requirement for a balanced budget, Berlusconi said.

Berlusconi, saying he conferred by phone with world leaders, announced that G-7 finance ministers will meet “within days” about the exploding financial crisis.

Later, his spokesman clarified that convening an “extraordinary meeting” of the G-7 finance ministers was still “at the reflection stage” with no decision yet taken, although Italy favored one.

Concern over the crisis was trans-Atlantic.

“This evening I’ll receive a phone call from President (Barack) Obama” because the crisis “pertains to the global financial panorama,” Berlusconi said. German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s office also said she would be consulting with Obama later Friday.

Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, who stood beside Berlusconi, said a balanced budget could be achieved by 2013 by speeding up reform of Italy’s extensive, and expensive, social welfare system, which includes national health care and generous retirement payments.

Also key to this goal, Tremonti said, would be what he promised as the “mother of all liberalization,” especially in Italy’s highly regulated world of labor.

“The principle that all will be allowed unless specifically forbidden” by labor laws will be the guiding principle of the government’s strategy, Berlusconi said.

Italy’s industrialists and mid-sized employers have complained for decades that Italy’s strict laws making firing workers almost impossible discourages them from hiring more employees in moments of need.

Further strategy also includes privatization of sectors, which Tremonti didn’t specify, and what he said would be a “speeding up” of investment to improve and modernize infrastructure, as a way to wake up Italy’s slumbering economy.

Italy’s Parliament went on vacation for a month earlier this week, but on Friday, responding to the quickly worsening economic nervousness, officials of the two chambers said key committees would keep working throughout August.

And all the lawmakers were expected to be summoned back to work as soon as the reforms pushed by Berlusconi is ready for a full vote.

Berlusconi’s coalition, despite setbacks this year in local elections, has a comfortable majority in parliament assuming his often fickle ally, the Northern League, closes ranks.

The opposition center-left has been clamoring for Berlusconi to step down, insisting he has essentially done nothing in three years to create jobs or lower the tax burden on workers.

Berlusconi’s pledges Friday night “are nothing new compared to the paucity of ideas shown by his government in recent months,” said Rosy Bindi, an opposition leader faxless payday advance.

Italy’s borrowing costs rose above Spain’s for the first time in more than a year, pushing European leaders to interrupt their vacations and look for a response to deepening fears about the health of the eurozone’s No. 3 economy.

At the start of Europe’s debt crisis 21 months ago, Italy was rarely grouped with the weaker members of the single currency zone, such as Greece, Ireland and Portugal. Many in the markets thought Spain, with its 20 percent unemployment rate, was vulnerable.

But the emergence of Italy as a potential victim over the past few weeks has highlighted just how vulnerable the eurozone is and how insufficient its anti-crisis measures are.

The yield on Italy’s 10-year bond stands at 6.09 percent, ahead of Spain’s equivalent of 6.04 percent _ though both are lower than the euro-era highs earlier in the week and markedly below where they were at the start of the day, they’re still not far from the levels that forced Greece, Ireland and Portugal to seek international financial help.

Worries that Italy and Spain maybe next in line led Merkel, vacationing in the Italian Alps, and French President Nicolas Sarkozy, on the French Riviera, to take time from their holidays for a phone conference on the eurozone crisis. Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero spoke with Sarkozy and Berlusconi in separate phone conversations Friday.

Merkel’s office said she spoke with Sarkozy, Berlusconi and British Prime Minister David Cameron.

All agreed that “decisions made by the EU summit on July 21 should be implemented quickly,” Merkel’s office said in a statement.

At last month’s huddle, eurozone leaders agreed to a sweeping deal that will grant Greece a new bailout _ but likely make it the first euro country to default _ and radically reshape the currency union’s rescue fund, allowing it to act pre-emptively when crises build up.

But their options to what a leading EU policymaker described as “incomprehensible” movements in the markets appear limited.

Even a better than expected U.S. jobs report Friday failed to ease the pessimism that has gripped investors over the past few weeks.

It’s only been two weeks since eurozone leaders agreed to expand the powers of its euro440 billion ($623 billion) rescue fund that helped bail out Greece, Ireland and Portugal. The fund will be able to buy governments bonds and bail out banks, but the new powers will not be in place until parliaments approve the changes in September.

Analysts also warn that the fund is currently not big enough to rescue Italy, whose debt amounts to 120 percent of economic output, around double that of Spain. Only Greece has a bigger proportion to service in the eurozone.

Markets have put increasing pressure on Italy because of its chronically weak growth and a general lack of confidence in Berlusconi’s ability or willingness to push through politically difficult measures to make the economy more productive.

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Solutia Inc.’s profit increased 66 percent in the second quarter to $68 million.   

The Town & Country-based chemical manufacturer’s net sales for the quarter that ended June 30 totaled $543 million, an 8 percent increase from the second quarter of 2010.

Solutia’s earnings per share, 57 percent, increased 30 percent compared to a year ago.

Solutia’s three business segments: Advanced Interlayers, Performance Films and Technical Specialties, each saw revenue growth in the second quarter low fee pay day loans. The largest growth came in Solutia’s Advanced Interlayers segment, which had $232 million in net sales for the quarter, a 12 percent increase from a year ago.

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Adam Moore once drove 500 miles just to eat a burrito at a Chipotle he’d never been to.

Alan Klein is working on a smartphone app to help fellow enthusiasts track down the transient McRib sandwich.

And Ben Skelton made an unusual choice for best man in his upcoming wedding: the Chick-fil-A cow.

“I’ve already told my best man that he’s going to be my second-string best man,” said Skelton, a 28-year-old chaplain’s assistant in the Air National Guard. “I just haven’t told him that he got beat out by a cow.”

Call it fanaticism or simply dedication, but these are the type of ultra-enthusiastic fans that every restaurant craves. Restaurant groupies have always been around, but they’re more valuable at a time when the economy is forcing consumers to choose carefully when they eat out, and a few online posts can inform the opinions of thousands. While there are no known statistics on these fanatics or even agreement on who qualifies as one, restaurant chains realize that influencing a few hyper-excited fans with free food and T-shirts can sometimes be more effective _ and much cheaper _ than a big advertising campaign.

“You really can’t buy publicity like that,” said Chris Arnold, spokesman for Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc., referring affectionately to “lunatic customers” who do things like dress up as burritos to score free meals at the Colorado-based chain. He adds that the company tries to cultivate “loyalty and, in extreme cases, even evangelism.”

Fast food has indeed become the gospel for many. About 23 percent of Americans eat fast food at least 20 times a month, according to Jeff Davis at Sandelman & Associates, and another 20 percent indulge 12 to 19 times a month. But few restaurants inspire cult-like dedication. Those that do usually offer only one or two main products, or they’re able to create an aura of scarcity.

That’s why the ubiquitous McDonald’s usually sells its pork sandwich, the McRib, in only a few markets at a time. Last year, when McDonald’s briefly made the McRib available at all U.S. locations, it said that the “obscure availability,” as well as the barbecue sauce, led customers “to perform extraordinary feats” for a taste of the sandwich. McDonald’s Corp. said the McRib helped fuel November sales, but declined to give details.

Perhaps no one knows that better than Alan Klein, a 29-year-old meteorologist in the Minneapolis area. He’d never go out of his way for a Big Mac, which are hawked at every McDonald’s. But he loves the McRib because it’s hard to get. He even created a website, the McRib Locator, so fellow fans could report sightings.

“That’s the whole lure of it,” said Klein, whose enthusiasm for the pork sandwich started when he was a child, growing up in a hog-raising family. “If it’s around, you never know when it’s coming back.”

His website is a labor of love that’s hard to police. For accuracy’s sake, check marks indicate that someone has sent a receipt proving their McRib purchase. But, Klein warns on the website, “Please call ahead to confirm the McRib is available before traveling any great length to purchase one.”

According to the McRib Locator, the sandwich is currently being sold in parts of Canada, but Klein doesn’t have a passport. “If someone’s making a trip across the border, we’d definitely be interested in them bringing us one,” said Klein, whose wife, Kimberly, is also a fan.

Some restaurant groupies are willing to go great lengths for the object of their affection. Take Moore, the Chipotle fan. He got the idea to visit all 71 restaurants in Colorado while eating lunch with his sister at, naturally, Chipotle fast payday loan no faxing.

It took almost three years. By the end, Moore had logged 3,839 miles on his 1987 BMW and spent $528 on burrito bowls.

“There would be periods of lethargy,” he said, “and then periods of `OK, let’s get this done.’”

Moore, 25, divides his time between Denver and Lake Placid, N.Y., where he is training to try out for the 2014 Olympic skeleton team. He had hoped Chipotle would let him eat lunch with founder Steve Ells when he completed his quest, but the restaurant sent the head of customer relations instead.

“Steve’s schedule is very, very busy and as much as he loves to meet great customers, he has many demands on his time,” said Arnold, the Chipotle spokesman.

Chick-fil-A, an Atlanta-based chain with a big presence in the South, has a whole rulebook for how to reward super fans.

Whenever it opens a new restaurant, the first 100 customers get 52 coupons for free meals. Fans usually have to be in line 24 hours in advance to make the cut __ and sometimes even that’s not enough.

The restaurant turns the overnight wait into a party in the parking lot, with hula hoop contests, karaoke, and lots of free chicken. It does line checks to make sure people don’t leave, and distributes wristbands to make sure they don’t split shifts. Sometimes Dan Cathy, the president and chief operating officer, shows up in Chick-fil-A pajama pants.

“There’s no better way to get to know your customers,” said spokesman Mark Baldwin.

John Ruck, an 82-year-old retiree in St. Petersburg, Fla., has road-tripped to 48 Chick-fil-A openings __ not for the coupons but for the camaraderie. He went to his first in January 2006, while grieving his wife’s recent death, and found them therapeutic.

He said he doesn’t mind sleeping in parking lots because he brings a comfy chair. The only time he suffers is during the karaoke. “I’ve never been subjected to such torture for 52 meals,” he said with a laugh.

Still, Ruck plans to keep coming “as long as the good Lord lets me,” and compares the parking lot gatherings to a family reunion where he sees friends he’s met at other openings. Last year, he drove more than 1,000 miles round trip to an opening in Louisiana, then turned around and did it again the following week.

Ruck is so enamored that he decided to make Chick-fil-A part of his wife’s memory. A couple years ago, he had their wedding bands melted into one ring. When the jeweler asked him if he wanted an insignia, he had it stamped with the Chick-fil-A logo. Though his wife, Joanne, never slept in a Chick-fil-A parking lot, the chicken chain “was the only place she’d let the grandkids eat when she took them to the mall.”

Skelton, who will stand beside the Chick-fil-A cow at his wedding, certainly understands the desire to marry his favorite restaurant fare with the love of his life. The managers at a Chick-fil-A in Concord, N.C., who will provide his bovine best man, are also enthusiastic, Skelton said. Conveniently, Chick-fil-A already has a cow tuxedo, which it designed last year for some marketing programs during the Oscars.

Skelton’s fiancee, Heather Harmon, said she’s on board too. “I’m more than OK with it, I’m super excited,” said Harmon, a 26-year-old preschool teacher. “We’d been working really hard to put a lot of personal touches in this wedding. We didn’t want it to be stuffy.”

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